R Dataset / Package HistData / CushnyPeebles
| Attachment | Size |
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| dataset-51664.csv | 224 bytes |
| Documentation |
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On this Picostat.com statistics page, you will find information about the CushnyPeebles data set which pertains to Cushny-Peebles Data: Soporific Effects of Scopolamine Derivatives. The CushnyPeebles data set is found in the HistData R package. Try to load the CushnyPeebles data set in R by issuing the following command at the console data("CushnyPeebles"). This may load the data into a variable called CushnyPeebles. If R says the CushnyPeebles data set is not found, you can try installing the package by issuing this command install.packages("HistData") and then attempt to reload the data with library("HistData") followed by data("CushnyPeebles"). Perhaps strangley, if R gives you no output after entering a command, it means the command succeeded. If it succeeded you can see the data by typing CushnyPeebles at the command-line which should display the entire dataset. If you need to download R, you can go to the R project website. You can download a CSV (comma separated values) version of the CushnyPeebles R data set. The size of this file is about 224 bytes. Cushny-Peebles Data: Soporific Effects of Scopolamine DerivativesDescriptionCushny and Peebles (1905) studied the effects of hydrobromides
related to scopolamine and atropine
in producing sleep. The sleep of mental patients was
measured without hypnotic ( The drugs were given on alternate evenings, and the hours of sleep were compared with the intervening control night. Each of the drugs was tested in this manner a varying number of times in each subject. The average number of hours of sleep for each treatment is the response. Student (1908) used these data to illustrate the paired-sample t-test in small samples, testing the hypothesis that the mean difference between a given drug and the control condition was zero. This data set became well known when used by Fisher (1925). Both Student and Fisher had problems labeling the drugs correctly (see Senn & Richardson (1994)), and consequently came to wrong conclusions. But as well, the sample sizes (number of nights) for each mean differed widely,
ranging from 3-9, and this was not taken into account in their analyses.
To allow weighted analyses, the number of observations for each mean
is contained in the data frame Usagedata(CushnyPeebles) data(CushnyPeeblesN) Format
DetailsThe last patient (11) has no SourceCushny, A. R., and Peebles, A. R. (1905), "The Action of Optical Isomers. II: Hyoscines," Journal of Physiology, 32, 501-510. Senn, Stephen, Data from Cushny and Peebles, http://www.senns.demon.co.uk/Data/Cushny.xls ReferencesFisher, R. A. (1925), Statistical Methods for Research Workers, Edinburgh and London: Oliver & Boyd. Student (1908), "The Probable Error of a Mean," Biometrika, 6, 1-25. Senn, S.J. and Richardson, W. (1994), "The first t-test", Statistics in Medicine, 13, 785-803. See Also
Examples
data(CushnyPeebles)
# quick looks at the data
plot(CushnyPeebles)
boxplot(CushnyPeebles, ylab="Hours of Sleep", xlab="Treatment")##########################
# Repeated measures MANOVA
require(car)CPmod <- lm(cbind(Control, L_hyoscyamine, L_hyoscine, DL_hyoscine) ~ 1, data=CushnyPeebles)# Assign within-S factor and contrasts
Treatment <- factor(colnames(CushnyPeebles), levels=colnames(CushnyPeebles))
contrasts(Treatment) <- matrix(
c(-3, 1, 1, 1,
0,-2, 1, 1,
0, 0,-1, 1), ncol=3)
colnames(contrasts(Treatment)) <- c("Control.Drug", "L.DL", "L_hy.DL_hy")Treats <- data.frame(Treatment)
(CPaov <- Anova(CPmod, idata=Treats, idesign= ~Treatment))
summary(CPaov, univariate=FALSE)if (require(heplots)) {
heplot(CPmod, idata=Treats, idesign= ~Treatment, iterm="Treatment",
xlab="Control vs Drugs", ylab="L vs DL drug")
pairs(CPmod, idata=Treats, idesign= ~Treatment, iterm="Treatment")
}################################
# reshape to long format, add NsCPlong <- stack(CushnyPeebles)[,2:1]
colnames(CPlong) <- c("treatment", "sleep")
CPN <- stack(CushnyPeeblesN)
CPlong <- data.frame(patient=rep(1:11,4), CPlong, n=CPN$values)
str(CPlong)
-- Dataset imported from https://www.r-project.org. |
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