R Dataset / Package HistData / Wheat.monarchs
| Attachment | Size |
|---|---|
| dataset-77745.csv | 310 bytes |
| Documentation |
|---|
On this Picostat.com statistics page, you will find information about the Wheat.monarchs data set which pertains to Playfair's Data on Wages and the Price of Wheat. The Wheat.monarchs data set is found in the HistData R package. Try to load the Wheat.monarchs data set in R by issuing the following command at the console data("Wheat.monarchs"). This may load the data into a variable called Wheat.monarchs. If R says the Wheat.monarchs data set is not found, you can try installing the package by issuing this command install.packages("HistData") and then attempt to reload the data with library("HistData") followed by data("Wheat.monarchs"). Perhaps strangley, if R gives you no output after entering a command, it means the command succeeded. If it succeeded you can see the data by typing Wheat.monarchs at the command-line which should display the entire dataset. If you need to download R, you can go to the R project website. You can download a CSV (comma separated values) version of the Wheat.monarchs R data set. The size of this file is about 310 bytes. Playfair's Data on Wages and the Price of WheatDescriptionPlayfair (1821) used a graph, showing parallel time-series of the price of wheat and the typical weekly wage for a "good mechanic" from 1565 to 1821 to argue that working men had never been as well-off in terms of purchasing power as they had become toward the end of this period. His graph is a classic in the history of data visualization, but commits the sin of showing two non-commensurable Y variables on different axes. Scatterplots of wages vs. price or plots of ratios (e.g., wages/price) are in some ways better, but both of these ideas were unknown in 1821. In this version, information on the reigns of British monarchs is provided
in a separate data.frame, Usagedata(Wheat) data(Wheat.monarchs) Format
SourcePlayfair, W. (1821). Letter on our Agricultural Distresses, Their Causes and Remedies. London: W. Sams, 1821 Data values: originally digitized from http://www.math.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/images/playfair-wheat1.gif now taken from http://mbostock.github.com/protovis/ex/wheat.js ReferencesFriendly, M. & Denis, D. (2005). The early origins and development of the scatterplot Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 41, 103-130. Examples
data(Wheat)data(Wheat)# ------------------------------------
# Playfair's graph, largely reproduced
# ------------------------------------# convenience function to fill area under a curve down to a minimum value
fillpoly <- function(x,y, low=min(y), ...) {
n <- length(x)
polygon( c(x, x[n], x[1]), c(y, low, low), ...)
}# For best results, this graph should be viewed with width ~ 2 * height
# Note use of type='s' to plot a step function for Wheat
# and panel.first to provide a background grid()
# The curve for Wages is plotted after the polygon below it is filled
with(Wheat, {
plot(Year, Wheat, type="s", ylim=c(0,105),
ylab="Price of the Quarter of Wheat (shillings)",
panel.first=grid(col=gray(.9), lty=1))
fillpoly(Year, Wages, low=0, col="lightskyblue", border=NA)
lines(Year, Wages, lwd=3, col="red")
})
# add some annotations
text(1625,10, "Weekly wages of a good mechanic", cex=0.8, srt=3, col="red")# cartouche
text(1650, 85, "Chart", cex=2, font=2)
text(1650, 70,
paste("Shewing at One View",
"The Price of the Quarter of Wheat",
"& Wages of Labor by the Week",
"from the Year 1565 to 1821",
"by William Playfair",
sep="\n"), font=3)# add the time series bars to show reigning monarchs
# distinguish Cromwell visually, as Playfair did
with(Wheat.monarchs, {
y <- ifelse( !commonwealth & (!seq_along(start) %% 2), 102, 104)
segments(start, y, end, y, col="black", lwd=7, lend=1)
segments(start, y, end, y, col=ifelse(commonwealth, "white", NA), lwd=4, lend=1)
text((start+end)/2, y-2, name, cex=0.5)
})# -----------------------------------------
# plot the labor cost of a quarter of wheat
# -----------------------------------------
Wheat1 <- within(na.omit(Wheat), {Labor=Wheat/Wages})
with(Wheat1, {
plot(Year, Labor, type='b', pch=16, cex=1.5, lwd=1.5,
ylab="Labor cost of a Quarter of Wheat (weeks)",
ylim=c(1,12.5));
lines(lowess(Year, Labor), col="red", lwd=2)
})
# cartouche
text(1740, 10, "Chart", cex=2, font=2)
text(1740, 8.5,
paste("Shewing at One View",
"The Work Required to Purchase",
"One Quarter of Wheat",
sep="\n"), cex=1.5, font=3)with(Wheat.monarchs, {
y <- ifelse( !commonwealth & (!seq_along(start) %% 2), 12.3, 12.5)
segments(start, y, end, y, col="black", lwd=7, lend=1)
segments(start, y, end, y, col=ifelse(commonwealth, "white", NA), lwd=4, lend=1)
text((start+end)/2, y-0.2, name, cex=0.5)
})
-- Dataset imported from https://www.r-project.org. |
| Picostat Manual |
|---|
How To Register With a Username
How To Register With Google Single Sign On (SSO)
How To Login With a Username and Password
How To Login With Google Single Sign On (SSO)
How To Import a Dataset
How To Perform Statistical Analysis with Picostat
How To Use Educational Applications with Picostat
|
| Recent Queries For This Dataset |
|---|
|
No queries made on this dataset yet. |
| Title | Authored on | Content type |
|---|---|---|
| R Dataset / Package Stat2Data / TwinsLungs | March 9, 2018 - 1:06 PM | Dataset |
| R Dataset / Package DAAG / psid1 | March 9, 2018 - 1:06 PM | Dataset |
| R Dataset / Package quantreg / gasprice | March 9, 2018 - 1:06 PM | Dataset |
| R Dataset / Package datasets / nottem | March 9, 2018 - 1:06 PM | Dataset |
| R Dataset / Package DAAG / hills2000 | March 9, 2018 - 1:06 PM | Dataset |